People think of dogs as the primary victims of ear problems, but cats can also develop many issues that affect their ears. Feline ear problems are probably more common than you think, and understanding them is vital for your cat’s health and happiness. Read on to discover more about the most common ear problems in cats, their causes, and how to tackle them head-on.

Common ear problems in cats

While a multitude of ear problems can affect cats, we explain only the most common:

Ear mites in cats

Ear mites (i.e., Otodectes cynotis) are tiny parasites that infest the ears of cats. These minuscule creatures feed on the wax and oils in your cat’s ear canal, leading to irritation, inflammation, and intense itching. While ear mites are more common in kittens, they can affect cats of any age. They are also highly contagious and can spread from cat to cat through close contact.

Clues that may indicate your cat has ear mites include:

  • Excessive scratching or pawing at the ears
  • Head shaking or tilting
  • Dark, crumbly discharge from the ear that resembles coffee grounds
  • Redness and inflammation in the ear canal

Ear infections in cats

Bacterial or yeast ear infections can be caused by various factors, including excessive moisture, allergies, or compromised immune systems, and often result from an imbalance of the ear’s natural flora, which allows harmful bacteria or yeast to proliferate. Indications of bacterial or yeast infections in your cat’s ears include:

  • Redness and swelling of the ear canal
  • Ear discharge, which may be yellow, brown, or bloody
  • A foul odor emanating from the ears
  • Excessive scratching or rubbing of the ears

Left untreated, bacterial or yeast infections can lead to secondary complications and chronic ear problems. An accurate diagnosis is essential to determine the underlying cause and to prescribe appropriate treatment, which may include topical or oral medications.

Ear polyps in cats

Polyps in the ear canal are less common, but can cause cats significant discomfort. These abnormal growths may arise from the lining of the ear canal or nearby structures, obstruct airflow, and cause inflammation. Cats with ear polyps may display:

  • Head shaking or tilting
  • Sensitivity or pain when their ears are touched
  • Behavior changes, such as irritability or lethargy
  • Hearing loss in severe cases

If the polyps grow large enough, surgical removal may be required to alleviate discomfort and prevent complications.

Squamous cell carcinoma in cats

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant tumor that commonly affects the ears of cats. SCC is often the result of excessive sun exposure, and cats with light-colored or thinly haired ears, as well as those with weakened immune systems, are at higher risk. If your cat develops an SCC tumor, you may notice painful ulceration, swelling, and bleeding on the ear tips. Treatment options range from surgical excision to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, depending on the tumor’s size and extent.

Treatment options for ear problems in cats

Treatments for cats with ear problems will vary, depending on the underlying cause, but typically will include a combination of the following:

  • Veterinary examination — Schedule a thorough examination with Dr. Kureshi if you suspect your cat has ear problems. We will inspect their ears for signs of infection, inflammation, or other abnormalities.
  • Medications — Depending on the diagnosis, we may prescribe ear drops, antibiotics, antifungal medications, or other treatments to alleviate clinical signs and clear up the infection or infestation.
  • Cleaning — Regular ear cleaning is crucial for preventing and managing ear problems in cats. We can recommend safe, effective cleaning solutions and demonstrate proper ear-cleaning techniques.
  • Environmental management — If allergies are contributing to your cat’s ear problems, we may recommend identifying and minimizing exposure to allergens in your home environment.
  • Surgical intervention — In cats with severe infections, polyps, or tumors, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove the affected tissue and alleviate your cat’s discomfort.

By understanding the common ear problems that can affect cats, pet owners can take proactive steps to prevent and manage these issues. Prompt veterinary care, regular ear cleaning, and closely monitoring your cat’s ear health are essential for their overall health. 

If you suspect your cat is experiencing ear problems, don’t hesitate to seek professional veterinary guidance for proper diagnosis and treatment by scheduling an appointment with our Cupertino Animal Hospital team. Your feline friend will thank you with purrs of gratitude and affection.